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Greenwashing is the act of distributing false information about something being more environmentally friendly than it actually is.

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In the first video of this two-part video series, Elisa introduces us to sustainability. She begins by looking at the difference between sustainability and corporate social responsibility, two terms that can be easily confused.

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Banking Essentials - Part I

This pathway will walk us through the basics of banks, starting with some of the different types and their main functions, then starting to look at the regulation faced by the banks, both before and after the Global Financial Crisis.

Greenwashing

Greenwashing is the act of distributing false information about something being more environmentally friendly than it actually is.

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+1,000 expert presented, on-demand video modules

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Tackling the Cost of Living Crisis

In this video, Max discusses the cost-of-living crisis currently enveloping the UK. He examines its impact on households as well as the overall economy.

CSR and Sustainability in Financial Services

In the first video of this two-part video series, Elisa introduces us to sustainability. She begins by looking at the difference between sustainability and corporate social responsibility, two terms that can be easily confused.

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The Four Principles of an Enforceable Contract I

The Four Principles of an Enforceable Contract I

Arun Singh

40 years - Corporate Lawyer

In this video, Arun introduces the main principles of an enforceable contract and looked at the first 2 principles: offer and acceptance. He also explains how an offer and acceptance go hand in hand. 

In this video, Arun introduces the main principles of an enforceable contract and looked at the first 2 principles: offer and acceptance. He also explains how an offer and acceptance go hand in hand. 

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The Four Principles of an Enforceable Contract I

10 mins 12 secs

Key learning objectives:

  • Understand what makes a contract binding, and therefore enforceable

  • Outline the concepts of an ‘offer’ and ‘acceptance

Overview:

For a contract to be enforceable, it needs to be binding. For a contract to be binding it needs to satisfy four principles, offer, acceptance, consideration, and the intention to create legal relations. Generally, the law believes that an agreement is made when one party makes an offer and the other party accepts it.

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Summary

What makes a contract binding?

A contract, or a legally enforceable contract, is complete when it satisfies four principles:

- Offer

- Acceptance

- Consideration

- Intention to create legal relations

It can be difficult to assess the moment at which the parties made an enforceable contract due to the complexity of the agreement. If this is not clear, the courts may find that the terms of the contract have been set out by the intentions of the parties or by the course of dealings; for example, if they have worked together before under certain terms and continue to do that without, each time, agreeing a new contract. 

What is the importance of an offer? 

An offer is a promise or statement by one party to another that proposes to do something. It must set out the terms, be specific and complete. The other party should be able to accept it and the offer should have been made with the intention of being bound. 

Offers can be terminated or revoked at any time. The withdrawal should be communicated to the person with whom it has been offered. 

A time lapse may also terminate the offer. A time limit should be set by the offeror. 

The offer can be rejected, or the offeree may come back with a counter offer. A counter offer is a new offer, which the person who made the original offer has to accept. 

What is the importance of acceptance?

A binding, enforceable contract can only be made if an offer is accepted. Acceptance has to be unqualified and unconditional. The acceptance has to be clearly communicated to the offeror to be effective.

If an offeree appears to accept an offer but the acceptance does not match the terms of the offer, then a contract has not been formed. 

There are a number of rules on acceptance: The Reception rule, namely that the contract will be made once the acceptance has been received by the offeror, and the Postal rule, meaning acceptances are deemed to be effective at the time of sending. 

 

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Arun Singh

Arun Singh

Arun Singh is a lawyer with over 35 years of experience and was a partner at PinsentMasons and KPMGLegal. He delivers public and in-house courses internationally to corporates, banks, sovereign wealth funds, government organisations and universities. He is the co-author of 'How to Lead Smart People', shortlisted for the Business Book Awards and The Chartered Institute of Management Book of the Year.

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